Greenhouse gases are the gases present in the atmosphere of the earth that trap the heat of the sun on the surface of our planet earth. These gases do this through a process called the greenhouse effect. A simple analogy would be the way you wrap a blanket around yourself to keep yourself warm; in the same way, these gases help to keep the planet warm. They serve an important role for Earth without greenhouse gases. Our planet would be too cold to support any life. Greenhouse gases mainly consist of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapour. The more the presence of greenhouse gases in the air, the warmer the earth’s temperature becomes. They warm the earth by stopping the heat from escaping from earth to space. When the sun heats the lands and oceans, Earth sends the heat towards space, but then greenhouse gases absorb some of the heat and send it back to Earth, making the lower atmosphere hot. So, the more greenhouse gases are present in the atmosphere, the more heat is sent back to the lower atmosphere, resulting in sudden climate changes like heat waves and uneven rainfall.